فهرست:
چکیده فارسی..........................................................................................................................................................1
فصل اول:مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................................2
1-1-کلیات...................................................................................................................................................................... 2
1-2-ایمنی در سدها............................................................................................................................................................4
1-3-انواع نیروهای وارد بر سدهای بتنی وزنی...................................................................................................................4
1-3-1-بارهای استاتیکی....................................................................................................................................................5
1-3-1-1- بار ناشی از وزن..............................................................................................................................................5
1-3-1-2-فشار هیدرواستاتیک..........................................................................................................................................7
1-3-1-3-نیروی زیر فشار................................................................................................................................................9
1-3-1-4-بارهای ناشی از حرارت.................................................................................................................................16
1-3-1-5-نیروی ناشی از رسوب...................................................................................................................................16
1-3-1-6-فشار یخ.........................................................................................................................................................16
1-3-1-7-فشارهای زیر اتمسفری..................................................................................................................................17
1-3-2-بارهای دینامیکی.................................................................................................................................................17
1-3-2-1-نیروی زلزله....................................................................................................................................................17
1-3-2-2-نیروی هیدرودینامیک.....................................................................................................................................19
1-3-2-3-فشار باد..........................................................................................................................................................19
1-3-2-4-نیروی ناشی از امواج......................................................................................................................................20
1-3-3-نیروی عکس العمل پی.......................................................................................................................................20
1-3-3-1-معیارهای پایداری..........................................................................................................................................20
1-4-ساختار پایان نامه ................................................................................................................................................. 22
1-5-اهداف......................................................................................................................................................................22
فرضیه ها............................................................................................................................................................................23
کاربرد تحقیق.....................................................................................................................................................................23
نوآوری طرح......................................................................................................................................................................24
پیشنهادات ادامه کار..........................................................................................................................................................24
فصل دوم:مروری بر مطالعات پیشین.............................................................................................. ......................26
فصل سوم:معادلات حاکم بر سیستم......................................................................................................................33
3-1-مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................................................33
3-2-روشهای مدل سازی تاثیر فشار هیدرودینامیک دریاچه بر پاسخ سد به زلزله..........................................................33
3-3-معادله دیفرانسیل حاکم بر رفتار دریاچه...................................................................................................................35
3-4-شرایط مرزی برای حل معادله Helmholtz ....................................................................................................... 37
3-4-1-مرز بین سد و دریاچه....................................................................................................................................... 38
3-4-2-مرز بین دریاچه و دیواره ی اطراف و بستر آن..................................................................................................38
3-4-3-سطح آزاد دریاچه...............................................................................................................................................39
3-4-4-مرز انتهای دور دریاچه.......................................................................................................................................39
3-5-ماتریس کوپله ی سد و دریاچه...............................................................................................................................41
3-6- مدل المان محدود دریاچه......................................................................................................................................43
3-7-پارامترهای جابجایی و فشار در گامهای متوالی......................................................................................................47
3-8- تکنیک …………………………………….staggered displacement.........................................................49
3-9- معیار خطای انرژی................................................................................................................................................50
فصل چهارم:تشریح مدل عددی و مشخصات سیستم............................................................................................52
4-1-مقدمه......................................................................................................................................................................52
4-2-نرم افزار المان محدود abaqus........................................................................................................................... 53
4-2-1- کلیات............................................................................................................................................................... 53
4-2-2-تاریخچه............................................................................................................................................................ 54
4-2-3- بخش های آباکوس...........................................................................................................................................54
4-2-4-مبانی نرم افزار آباکوس......................................................................................................................................55
4-3-مشخصات مدل......................................................................................................................................................57
4-3-1-بدنه سد............................................................................................................................................................ 57
4-3-2-مخزن................................................................................................................................................................ 59
4-3-3- فونداسیون....................................................................................................................................................... 60
4-3-4- اندرکنش سد و مخزن..................................................................................................................................... 61
4-3-5- اندر کنش سد و فونداسیون............................................................................................................................ 61
4-3-6-ضریب انعکاس امواج از کف دریاچه.............................................................................................................. 62
4-3-7- انتهای دور دریاچه.......................................................................................................................................... 63
4-3-8- نحوه اعمال رکوردهای زلزله.......................................................................................................................... 63
4-4-حالات مختلف تحلیل دینامیکی........................................................................................................................... 64
4-4-1-تحلیل دینامیکی مجموعه سد˓فونداسیون و مخزن در حالت یکنواخت بودن فونداسیون............................... 64
4-4-2- تحلیل دینامیکی مجموعه سد˓فونداسیون و مخزن در حالت اول غیریکنواخت بودن فونداسیون(حالت A)..................................................................................................................................................................................65
4-4-3- تحلیل دینامیکی مجموعه سد˓فونداسیون و مخزن در حالت دوم غیریکنواخت بودن فونداسیون(حالت B)......................................................................................................................................................................................67
4-4-4- مقایسه سه حالت تحلیل فونداسیون..................................................................................................................69
4-5-رکوردهای زلزله.......................................................................................................................................................72
فصل پنجم:نتایج آنالیز مدل المان محدود............................................................................................................. 74
5-1-مقدمه.......................................................................................................................................................................74
5-2-نتایج تحلیل های صورت گرفته با فرض یکنواخت بودن فونداسیون......................................................................74
5-3-نتایج تحلیل های صورت گرفته در حالت اول غیر یکنواخت بودن فونداسیون(حالت A)......................................91
5-4- نتایج تحلیل های صورت گرفته در حالت دوم غیر یکنواخت بودن فونداسیون(حالت B)................................111
5-5- مقایسه نتایج تحلیل های صورت گرفته در حالت یکنواخت با حالت غیر یکنواخت بودن فونداسیون...............131
فصل ششم: بررسی نتایج................................................................................................................................... 135
پیوست ها..........................................................................................................................................................138
مراجع و منابع....................................................................................................................................................166
چکیده انگلیسی.................................................................................................................................................
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