پایان نامه تحقیق پیرامون زمان بندی به خواب رفتن گره ها در شبکه های حسگر بیسیم

فهرست:

فصل اول:  شبکه های حسگر

مقدمه............................................................................................................................................... 1

معرفی شبکه های حسگر.......................................................................................................... 2

معماری شبکه های حسگر........................................................................................................ 4

ویژگیهای عمومی شبکه های حسگر......................................................................................... 6

کاربردهای شبکه های حسگر................................................................................................. 10

عوامل مهم در طراحی شبکه های حسگر................................................................................ 11

      1-5-1  مسیریابی............................................................................................................... 11

  1-5-2  انرژی محدود............................................................................................................. 11

  1-5-3  مقیاس پذیری............................................................................................................. 12

     1-5-4  زمان تاخیر.............................................................................................................. 13

     1-5-5  هزینه پایین............................................................................................................. 13

 تحمل پذیری خطا.............................................................................................. 13

1-5-7

       1-6 صرفه جویی در مصرف انرژی در گره های حسگر.................................................................................. 14

                            1-6-1 پیش فرضهای طراحی............................................................................................. 15

اهداف طراحی....................................................................................................... 18

1-7روشهای زمانبندی توزیع شده در شبکه های سلسله مراتبی....................................................... 22

                     1-8روشهای زمانبندی توزیع شده در شبکه های غیرسلسله مراتبی................................................ 28

فصل دوم:مسیر یابی در شبکه های حسگر

2مقدمه........................................................................................................................................................... 31

           2-1تقسیم بندی پروتکل ها............................................................................................................. 32

          2-2 پارامترهای موردنظر در پروتکل مسیریابی.................................................................................. 33

             2-2-1  دینامیک شبکه................................................................................................................. 33

             2-2-2  جای گذاری حسگرها در شبکه...................................................................................... 34

             2-2-3  محدودیت انرژی............................................................................................................ 34

             2-2-4  مدل انتقال اطلاعات........................................................................................................ 34

             2-2-5  ترکیب داده ها................................................................................................................. 35

    2-3 پروتکل های مسیریابی...................................................................................................................... 35

        2-3-1  روش سیل آسا...................................................................................................................... 35

       2-3-2  روش شایعه پراکنی................................................................................................................. 37

2-3-3  روش SPIN.................................................................................................................................... 39

            2-3-4  روش انتشار هدایت شده.................................................................................................. 42    

  2-3-5  مقایسه روش انتشار هدایت شده وروشSPIN............................................................................... 48

        2-3-6  روش مسیریابی جغرافیایی...................................................................................................... 49

            2-3-7  روشانتشار بیرون دهنده..................................................................................................... 50

  2-3-8  روش انتشار جذب یک مرحله ای  ............................................................................................... 52

فصل سوم: MAC

مقدمه.............................................................................................................................. 53

    3 -1  تفاوت پروتکلهایMAC طراحی شده برای شبکه های حسگر................................................................... 55

    3-2  محدودیتها درطراحی پروتکلهای  MAC شبکه های حسگر........................................................................ 56

   3-3   منابع اصلی هرز رفتن انرژی در شبکه های حسگر..................................................................................... 60

   3-4   مروری برMAC های موجود..................................................................................................................... 61

   3-5   S-MAC................................................................................................................................................... 62

        3-5-1  گوش دادن و به خواب رفتن دوره ای.............................................................................................. 63

3-5-2   پیشگیری از برخورد........................................................................................................................ 66

فصل 4 :الگوریتم پیشنهادی

  مقدمه..................................................................................................................................................................... 73

      4-1  طراحی بین لایه ای........................................................................................................................................ 73

     4-2  الگوریتم پیشنهادی........................................................................................................................................... 75

     4-4  نتایج شبیه سازی............................................................................................................................................. 79

فصل پنجم: لایه کاربرد ومساله پوشش

  مقدمه............................................................................................................................................................................ 83

    5-1   تحقیقات پیشین............................................................................................................................................... 86

    5-2   پوشش K- لایه ای پویا................................................................................................................................... 89

   5-3    الگوریتم پیشنهادی........................................................................................................................................... 90

   5-4   پشتیبانی لایهMAC........................................................................................................................................... 96

  5-5   دلایل فراهم نکردن حداکثر پوشش ممکن........................................................................................................... 97

   5-6  روش دیگر تخمین احتمال مورد نیاز برای پوشش K- لایه ای پویا...................................................................... 97

   5-7  روشهایی برای حل مشکل پوشش  k- لایه ای جا به جا..................................................................................... 104

  5-8  نتایج شبیه سازی................................................................................................................................................. 100

فصل ششم:نتیجه گیری.................................................................................................................................................... 104

کارهای آتی..................................................................................................................................................................... 107

مراجع  ........................................................................................................................................................................... 108

منبع:

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