فهرست:
فرضیه‌ها............................................................................................................................................................................... 9
چکیده ................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
فصل اول: کلیات تحقیق
1-1- مقدمه ........................................................................................................................................................................ 12
1-1- آشنایی با سرطان .................................................................................................................................................. 14
1-2- سرطان معده ........................................................................................................................................................... 15
1-2-1- نشانه ها و علائم سرطان معده ................................................................................................................. 15
1-2-2- دلایل ابتلا به سرطان معده............................................................................................................................ 17
1-2-3- توزیع جغرافیایی سرطان معده در جهان و ایران...................................................................................... 19
1-2-4- مرگ و میر.............................................................................................................................................................. 21
1-2-5- تعیین مراحل بیماری.......................................................................................................................................... 22
1-2-6- سیر بالینی بیماری..................................................................................................................................... 24
1-2-7- ارتباط سرطان معده و میکرو RNA ....................................................................................................... 25
فصل دوم: مروری بر تحقیقات انجام شده ................................................................................................................ 31
فصل سوم: مواد و روش‌ها
3-1-1 مقدمهReal Time PCR .............................................................................................................................. 34
3-1-2 انواع تکنیک های Real-Time PCR......................................................................................................... 35
3-1-3 آنالیزهای کمی در Real time PCR.......................................................................................................... 36
3-1-4 مزایای Sybr Green Real Time PCR............................................................................................... 36
3-1-5 منحنی ذوب.......................................................................................................................................................... 37
3-1-6 اصطلاحات موجود در Real time PCR................................................................................................ 38
3-2 روش کار..................................................................................................................................................................... 38
3-2-1 مرحله اول: انتخاب بیمار............................................................................................................................... 39
3-2-2مرحله دوم: تهیه سرم از بیمار...................................................................................................................... 39
3-2-3 مرحله سوم: استخراج RNA از سرم......................................................................................................... 39
3-2-4 آماده سازی محلول های لازم برای کیت استخراج RNA از سرم...................................................... 40
3-2-5 ارزیابی بازده و کیفیت RNA ی جدا شده................................................................................................. 41
3-2-6 واکنش رونویسی معکوس............................................................................................................................. 43
3-2-7 انجام واکنش Real Time PCR.................................................................................................................... 44
3-2-8 تعیین سیگنال پایه........................................................................................................................................ 54
3-2-8 تعیین سیکل آستانه...................................................................................................................................... 54
3-2-8 آنالیز منحنی ذوب............................................................................................................................................. 46
3-3-1 محاسبه میزان miRNA-21 نمونه های تحت مطالعه......................................................................... 47
3-3-2 آنالیز آماری داده ها............................................................................................................................................ 48
فصل چهارم: نتایج
4-1 خصوصیات بیماران و ویژگی‌های پاتولوژیکی آنها...................................................................................... 49
4-2 وضعیت بیان مارکر miRNA-21 و ارتباط آن با فاکتورهای پاتولوژیکی........................................... 50
فصل پنجم: بحث و نتیجه‌گیری
5-1- بحث .................................................................................................................................................................... 55
5-2- نتیجه‌گیری ....................................................................................................................................................... 61
منابع ................................................................................................................................................................................. 62
چکیده انگلیسی
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