پایان نامه تحلیل نظری ویکتور ترنر در باب آیین زیارت

فهرست:

فصل اوّل : کلّیات.. 1

طرح مسأله. 2

اهمّیت تحقیق.. 3

پیشینه‌ی تحقیق.. 3

روش تحقیق.. 6

مشکلات تحقیق.. 6

زندگی و اندیشه ترنر. 7

سیر اندیشه ویکتور ترنر 8

فصل دوم: ایضاح  مفاهیم.. 11

مقدمه. 12

1. آیین.. 12

1.1 تعریف آیین.. 12

1.2.1 رویکرد نمادین. 15

1.2.2 رویکرد تبیینی.. 16

1.3 آیین به مثابه‌ی اجرای نمایش.... 17

1.4 آیین‌های گذار 18

2. زیارت.. 19

2.1 اهمّیت آیین زیارت.. 19

2.2 گونه‌بندی زیارت.. 19

2.2.1 زیارت به یک مکان مقدّس... 21

2.2.2. زیارت یک شخص مقدّس... 22

2.2.3 زیارت یک شیء مقدّس... 22

2.2.4 زیارت به‌مثابه‌ متن مقدّس... 23

2.2.5 زیارت به‌مثابه سفری کنایی.. 23

2.3 انسان‌شناسی زیارت.. 24

2.4 رویکرد‌ها به مطالعه زیارت.. 25

2.4.1 رویکرد کارکردگرایانه. 26

2.4.2 رویکرد جامع نگرانه. 27

2.4.3 رویکرد تقلیل‌گرایانه. 29

2.4.4 رویکرد ذات‌گرایانه. 30

فصل سوم: 32

کارکرد آیین، روش شناسی ویکتور ترنر. 32

مقدمه. 33

1. کارکرد آیین.. 35

1.1 ساختار اجتماعی ندمبو. 35

1.2 مفهوم درام اجتماعی.. 36

1.3 آیین‌های کارکردی در ندمبو. 38

1.4 ساختارگرایی انگلیسی.. 39

2. تحلیل نماد در آیین.. 40

2.1 آیین به‌مثابه کنش نمادین.. 40

2.2 نمادها:حاملان معنا 42

3. مراحل آیین.. 45

3.1 آیین‌های گذار- ون جنپ... 46

3.2 آیین‌های مصیبت و آیین‌های بحران زندگی.. 48

4. آستانگی.. 52

4.1 خصوصیات ساختار: 53

4.2 بررسی نماد‌ها در آستانگی: 55

4.3 بررسی روابط بین افراد دردرون آستانگی : 59

جمع‌بندی.. 61

5. جماعت‌‌واره. 62

5.1 تعریف اجتماع و تعریف سلبی جماعت‌‌واره. 63

5.2 ویژگی‌های جماعت‌‌واره. 66

5.3 مثال‌هایی برای جنبه‌های فرهنگی جماعت‌‌واره. 67

 فصل چهارم: 69

تحلیل زیارت از منظر ویکتور ترنر. 69

مقدمه. 70

1. ویژگی مطالعات ترنر. 74

1.1 ویژگی مطالعه انسان‌شناسانه زیارت.. 74

1.2 انسان‌شناس در لباس زائر و انسان‌شناسی تجربه. 76

1.3 ویژگی کتاب تصویر و زیارت در فرهنگ مسیحی، چشم اندازهای انسان‌شناسانه. 77

1.4 واکنش به کتاب تصویر وزیارت در فرهنگ مسیحی، چشم اندازهای انسان شناسانه. 80

2. تحلیل ساختار زیارت.. 85

2.1بررسی مفهوم زیارت.. 85

2.1.1تعریف زیارت.. 85

2.1.2 طبقه بندی زیارت‌ها 87

2.1.3زیارت فرآیند اجتماعی.. 89

2.1.4 زیارت وآیین‌های قبیله ای. 91

2.2زیارت وآستانگی.. 95

2.3زیارت وجماعت‌‌واره. 96

2.4 انواع جماعت‌‌واره. 99

2.5زیارت در احاطه ساختار 102

3. تحلیل نمادهای زیارت.. 104

3.1 سفر به‌مثابه نماد. 104

3.2 زیارت وتصویر. 106

3.3 پارادایم‌های ریشه. 107

3.4 راه بازگشت... 108

3.5 زیارت و هنر. 108

4. تحلیل ابعاد زیارت.. 109

4.1 ظرفیت بالقوّه زیارت 109

4.1.1 کشف وشهود 109

4.1.2 زمینه‌‌ی مرگ.. 111

4.1.3 ذات سلبی زیارت.. 113

4.2 تغییر چهره زیارت.. 115

4.2.1 تغییر الگوهای دینی.. 115

4.2.3 تغییرات اقتصادی و اجتماعی.. 121

4.2.3.1 جهانی‌سازی 121

4.3 زیارت و توسعه مسیحیت... 124

جمع بندی.. 126

فصل پنجم: نتیجه گیری.. 127

نتیجه گیری.. 128

5.1 یافته‌های پژوهش.... 128

5.2 زیارت در فرهنگ امروزی جامعه ما 129

5.2.1  موارد حفظ آستانگی.. 131

5.2.2 برهم خوردن آستانگی.. 132

جمع بندی. 133

5.3 پیشنهادات.. 135

منابع فارسی.. 136

منابع انگلیسی.. 136

بووی، فیونا، مقدمه‌ای بر انسان‌شناسی دین ، ترجمه مهرداد عربستانی، تهران ،شرکت نشر نقد افکار.، 1390.

فکوهی، ناصر، تاریخ اندیشه و نظریه‌های انسان‌شناسی، تهران،نشرنی، 1381.

مور، جری دی، زندگی و اندیشه بزرگان انسان‌شناسی، مترجمان ‌هاشم اقابیگ پور و جعفر احمدی، تهران،انتشارات جامعه شناسان،1389.

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