فهرست:
فصل اول: کلیات پژوهش
مقدمه...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................2
بیان مساله....................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
اهمیت و ضرورت.......................................................................................................................................................................................................11
گزاره های تحقیق......................................................................................................................................................................................................14
فرضیات پژوهش......................................................................................................................................................................................14
سوالات پژوهش.......................................................................................................................................................................................15
اهداف پژوهش.........................................................................................................................................................................................15
تعاریف مفاهیم...........................................................................................................................................................................................................16
تعاریف نظری...........................................................................................................................................................................................16
تعاریف عملیاتی.......................................................................................................................................................................................17
فصل دوم: پیشینۀ پژوهش
مقدمه.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................20
خودکارآمدی...............................................................................................................................................................................................................20
راهبردهای یادگیری خودتنظیم.................................................................................................................................................................................22
ارزشیابی.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
تاریخچۀ ارزشیابی آموزشی........................................................................................................................................................................................24
تعریف اندازه گیری....................................................................................................................................................................................................25
ارزشیاب و ارزشیابی آموزشی.....................................................................................................................................................................................26
عنوان صفحه
کارکردهای عمدۀ ارزشیابی........................................................................................................................................................................................27
تشخیص
تجدید نظر در برنامۀ آموزشی
مقایسه کردن
پیش بینی نیازهای آموزشی
تعیین میزان حصول اهداف
دسته بندی ارزشیابی های آموزشی با توجه به زمان و هدف استفاده.......................................................................................................................28
ارزشییابی آغازین
ارزشیابی تکوینی
ارزشیابی تشخیصی
ارزشیابی تراکمی
ارزشیابی تکوینی از دیدگاه صاحب نظران.................................................................................................................................................................30
مهمترین فواید ارزشیابی تکوینی برای معلمان.........................................................................................................................................................33
بازخوردبه معلمان
کنترل کیفیت
به کارگیری راه های نوین یاددهی
پیش بینی نتایج ارزشیابی تراکمی
مهمترین فواید ارزشیابی تکوینی برای یادگیرندگان.................................................................................................................................................35
کمک به یادگیری دقیق واحدهای یادگیری
ارائۀ بازخورد و آگاهی از نتایج
تسلط آموزی
تشخیص مشکلات و نارسایی های یادگیری
بازخورد.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................36
انواع بازخورد...............................................................................................................................................................................................................40
بازخورد عملکردی
عنوان صفحه
بازخورد انگیرشی
بازخورد اسنادی
بازخورد راهبردی
جمع بندی نظری.......................................................................................................................................................................................................41
مدل ارائۀ بازخورد.......................................................................................................................................................................................................42
مراحل ارائۀ بازخورد
هفت اصل اساسی در ارائۀ بازخورد............................................................................................................................................................................43
پیشینۀ پژوهشی هفت اصل در ارائۀ بازخورد.............................................................................................................................................................44
اصل اول..................................................................................................................................................................................................44
اصل دوم..................................................................................................................................................................................................45
اصل سوم.................................................................................................................................................................................................46
اصل چهارم..............................................................................................................................................................................................47
اصل پنجم................................................................................................................................................................................................49
اصل ششم...............................................................................................................................................................................................50
اصل هفتم................................................................................................................................................................................................51
جمع بندی کلی..........................................................................................................................................................................................................51
فصل سوم: روش شناسی پژوهش
روش انجام تحقیق....................................................................................................................................................................................................66
طرح تحقیق...............................................................................................................................................................................................................66
جامعۀ اماری...............................................................................................................................................................................................................68
نمونه و روش نمونه گیری.........................................................................................................................................................................................68
روش اجرا و ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات......................................................................................................................................................................69
روش اجرای تحقیق...................................................................................................................................................................................................69
روش تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات.................................................................................................................................................................................69
عنوان صفحه
ویژگی های تحقیق نیمه آزمایشی............................................................................................................................................................................69
طرح در روش نیمه تجربی........................................................................................................................................................................................70
اعتبار درونی تحقیق...................................................................................................................................................................................................70
عوامل موثر بر اعتبار درونی.......................................................................................................................................................................................70
ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات...........................................................................................................................................................................................72
پرسش نامۀ خودکارآمدی عمومی............................................................................................................................................................72
روایی سازۀ مقیاس خودکارآمدی.............................................................................................................................................................73
روایی ملاکی مقیاس خودکارآمدی..........................................................................................................................................................73
پایایی مقیاس خودکارآمدی و روش نمره گذاری....................................................................................................................................74
پرسش نامۀ خودکارآمدی تحصیلی(پایایی و روایی)................................................................................................................................74
پرسش نامۀ راهبردهای یادگیری خودتنظیم(پایایی و روایی)..................................................................................................................74
بازخورد(مدل بازخورد اصلاحی باتلر و وین، 1995)................................................................................................................................75
فصل چهارم: یافته های پژوهش
مقدمه.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................78
نتایج توصیفی تحقیق................................................................................................................................................................................................79
یافته های استنباطی پژوهش.....................................................................................................................................................................................84
تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه F جهت تجزیه و تحلیل تفاوت بین گروه ها در پیش آزمون(آزمودنی های پسر)......................................84
تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه F جهت تجزیه و تحلیل تفاوت بین گروه ها در پیش آزمون(آزمودنی های دختر).....................................85
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر خودکارآمدی تحصیلی در گروه های آزمایش 1 و کنترل(پسر و دختر)...............................................86
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر خودکارآمدی عمومی در گروه های آزمایش 1 و کنترل(پسر و دختر).................................................87
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر راهبردهای شناختی در گروه های آزمایش 1 و کنترل(پسر و دختر)...................................................88
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر راهبردهای فراشناختی در گروه های آزمایش 1 و کنترل(پسر و دختر)...............................................89
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر راهبردهای یادگیری خودتنظیم در گروه های آزمایش 1 و کنترل(پسر و دختر).................................90
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر خودکارآمدی تحصیلی در گروه های آزمایش 2 و کنترل(پسر و دختر)...............................................91
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر خودکارآمدی عمومی در گروه های آزمایش 2 و کنترل(پسر و دختر).................................................92
عنوان صفحه
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر راهبردهای شناختی در گروه های آزمایش 2 و کنترل(پسر و دختر)...................................................93
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر راهبردهای فراشناختی در گروه های آزمایش 2 و کنترل(پسر و دختر)...............................................94
آزمون t نمرات اختلافی متغیر راهبردهای یادگیری خودتنظیم در گروه های آزمایش 2 و کنترل(پسر و دختر).................................95
فصل پنجم: بحث و نتیجه گیری
مقدمه.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................97
بحث...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................98
فرضیۀ اول...............................................................................................................................................................................................98
فرضیۀ دوم...............................................................................................................................................................................................99
فرضیه سوم............................................................................................................................................................................................100
فرضیه چهارم.........................................................................................................................................................................................101
فرضیۀ پنجم..........................................................................................................................................................................................103
سوال اول...............................................................................................................................................................................................105
سوال دوم...............................................................................................................................................................................................106
سوال سوم.............................................................................................................................................................................................108
نتیجه گیری.............................................................................................................................................................................................................113
محدودیت های پژوهش..........................................................................................................................................................................................114
پیشنهادات اجرایی بر گرفته از نتایج تحقیق...........................................................................................................................................................114
پیشنهاداتی برای پژوهش های آینده......................................................................................................................................................................114
منابع
فارسی....................................................................................................................................................................................................116
لاتین......................................................................................................................................................................................................119
عنوان صفحه
پیوست ها
پیوست شمارۀ 1.......................................................................................................................................................................................................130
پیوست شمارۀ 2.......................................................................................................................................................................................................132
پیوست شمارۀ 3.......................................................................................................................................................................................................135
پیوست شمارۀ 4.......................................................................................................................................................................................................136
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