فهرست:
چکیده....................................................................................................................................................................... 1
فصل اول: کلیات
1-1- مقدمه.............................................................................................................................................................. 3
1-1-1-تاریخچه ژربرا................................................................................................................................................. 4
1-2- تکثیر................................................................................................................................................................ 5
1-3- عملکرد............................................................................................................................................................. 6
1-4- نابسامانی‌های فیزیولوژیک.............................................................................................................................. 6
1-4-1- خمیدگی و شکستن ساقه گل................................................................................................................... 6
1-4-2- پژمردگی گل نابالغ....................................................................................................................................... 6
1-5- آفات و بیماری‌ها................................................................................................................................................ 7
1-6- بیان مساله...................................................................................................................................................... 7
فصل دوم: مرور منابع
2-1- استانداردها و عوامل موثر بر عمر پس از برداشت گلهای شاخه بریده......................................................... 9
2-1-1- متابولیسم و مسیرهای متابولیکی............................................................................................................ 9
2-1-2- پیری، ریزش و مرگ سلولی........................................................................................................................... 10
2-1-3- پیری گلبرگها............................................................................................................................................... 10
2-1-4- آب و نقش آن در عمر پس از برداشت گلهای شاخه بریده........................................................................... 11
2-1-5- میکروارگانیسم‌ها در محلول نگهداری گلها............................................................................................. 12
2-2- نیکل................................................................................................................................................................. 13
2-2-1- نقش نیکل در متابولیسم گیاه................................................................................................................... 14
2-2-1-1- یوروید........................................................................................................................................................ 14
2-2-2- افزایش شاخص‌های رشد............................................................................................................................ 15
2-2-3- تاثیر نیکل بر عمر پس از برداشت................................................................................................................ 17
2-2-4- علائم کمبود عنصر نیکل در گیاهان........................................................................................................... 17
2-2-5- تجمع و سمیت.............................................................................................................................................. 18
فصل سوم: مواد و روش‌ها
3-1- مواد گیاهی...................................................................................................................................................... 22
3-2- نوع طرح آزمایشی............................................................................................................................................ 23
3-2-1- معرفی تیمارها............................................................................................................................................. 24
3-2-2- نحوه آماده‌سازی گلها و انجام تیمار............................................................................................................ 24
3-3- اندازه‌گیری صفات............................................................................................................................................. 25
3-3-1- طول عمر گلجایی........................................................................................................................................ 25
3-3-2- کاهش وزن تر................................................................................................................................................ 25
3-3-3- درصد ماده خشک......................................................................................................................................... 26
3-3-4- قطر گلها.................................................................................................................................................... 26
3-3-5- کاهش مواد جامد محلول در آب (TSS)....................................................................................................... 27
3-3-6- محتوای پروتئین گلبرگ................................................................................................................................ 27
3-3-7- رنگیزه کاروتنوئید گلبرگ............................................................................................................................ 28
3-3-8- جذب آب........................................................................................................................................................ 28
3-3-9- شمارش باکتری ساقه و محلول گلجای..................................................................................................... 28
3-3-10- فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز (POD)............................................................................................................... 28
3-3-11- فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دسموتاز (SOD)............................................................................................ 29
3-4- تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها.......................................................................................................................................... 29
فصل چهارم: نتیجه گیری
4-1- عمر گلجایی..................................................................................................................................................... 31
4-2- کاهش وزن تازه گل........................................................................................................................................... 32
4-3- درصد ماده خشک............................................................................................................................................. 33
4-4- قطر گل............................................................................................................................................................ 34
4-5- کاهش درصد مواد جامد محلول در آب (TSS)................................................................................................. 35
4-6- میزان پروتئین گلبرگ........................................................................................................................................ 36
4-7- میزان کاروتنوئید گلبرگ.................................................................................................................................. 37
4-8- جذب آب............................................................................................................................................................ 38
4-9- جمعیت باکتریایی در ته ساقه........................................................................................................................ 39
4-10- جمعیت باکتریایی در محلول نگهداری گلها.............................................................................................. 40
4-11- فعالیت آنزیم سوپر اکسید دسموتاز............................................................................................................. 41
4-12- فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز................................................................................................................................. 42
فصل پنجم: بحث
5-1- بحث................................................................................................................................................................. 45
5-2- نتیجه‌گیری....................................................................................................................................................... 50
5-3- پیشنهادها....................................................................................................................................................... 50
منابع.......................................................................................................................................................................... 51
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